![]() ![]() Woodcut, which appeared in the 8th century in the East and in the early 15th century in the West, is the earliest known relief-printing method. This varies, however, depending on the material used: metal allows more intricate detail than wood, for example. Relief printing lends itself particularly to a bold conception of design, expressed more in areas than lines. Any metal or plastic plate incised or worked in relief can be first inked in the depressions (intaglio inked) and then surface rolled, thus combining relief and intaglio processes. The most familiar relief-printing materials are wood and linoleum, but many other materials can be used, such as aluminum, magnesium, and plastics. The relief is the positive image and represents the printing surface. Or, instead of cutting away the background, the relief print can be created by building up the printing surface. In relief processes, the negative, or nonprinting part of the block or plate, is either cut or etched away, leaving the design standing in relief. The surface processes are subdivided into two categories: planographic (lithography) and stencil methods. The techniques of printmaking are divided into three major processes: relief, intaglio, surface. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!. ![]() Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them! Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.Britannica Beyond We’ve created a new place where questions are at the center of learning.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians.COVID-19 Portal While this global health crisis continues to evolve, it can be useful to look to past pandemics to better understand how to respond today.Student Portal Britannica is the ultimate student resource for key school subjects like history, government, literature, and more.From tech to household and wellness products. Britannica Explains In these videos, Britannica explains a variety of topics and answers frequently asked questions.This Time in History In these videos, find out what happened this month (or any month!) in history.#WTFact Videos In #WTFact Britannica shares some of the most bizarre facts we can find.Demystified Videos In Demystified, Britannica has all the answers to your burning questions.Britannica Classics Check out these retro videos from Encyclopedia Britannica’s archives.
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